What is Skin Cancer?

Skin cancer is the abnormal growth of skin cells, usually developing on skin exposed to the sun. However, it can also occur in areas not ordinarily exposed to sunlight. There are three major types of skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas are the most common and are referred to as nonmelanoma skin cancers. Melanoma is more aggressive and can spread to other parts of the body if not detected early.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

What Are Common Signs and Symptoms of Skin Cancer?

Signs and symptoms of skin cancer include:

• A new growth on the skin or a change in an existing skin lesion

• A mole that changes in color, size, or feel or that bleeds

• A small lesion with an irregular border and portions that appear red, pink, white, blue, or blue-black

• A painful lesion that itches or burns

• Dark lesions on the palms, soles, fingertips or toes, or on mucous membranes lining the mouth, nose, vagina, or anus

 

Can We Prevent Skin Cancer?

Skin cancer prevention strategies include:

• Avoiding excessive sun exposure and seeking shade, especially between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.

• Wearing protective clothing, hats, and sunglasses

• Using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher

• Avoiding tanning beds

• Regularly examining your skin for new growths or changes in existing moles

 

How Do We Diagnose Skin Cancer?

Diagnosis involves:

• Skin examination: Checking the skin for moles, birthmarks, or other pigmented areas that look abnormal.

• Biopsy: Removing a sample of suspicious skin for testing.

 

 What Treatment Options Are Available for Skin Cancer?

Treatment depends on the type, size, and location of the skin cancer and may include:

• Surgical excision: To remove the cancerous tissue.

• Mohs surgery: A precise surgical technique used for certain types of skin cancer.

• Cryotherapy: Freezing cancer cells with liquid nitrogen.

• Topical treatments: Creams or ointments for superficial skin cancer.

• Radiation therapy: Using high-energy rays to target and kill cancer cells.

• Chemotherapy: For cancers that have spread to other parts of the body.

• Photodynamic therapy: Using a combination of laser light and drugs to destroy cancer cells.

• Immunotherapy: Boosting the immune system to fight cancer.

Early detection and treatment are crucial for successful management of skin cancer, especially for melanoma and other aggressive forms.