What is Pancreatic Cancer?

Pancreatic cancer begins in the tissues of the pancreas, an organ in your abdomen that lies behind the lower part of your stomach. The pancreas plays an essential role in digestion by producing enzymes that the body needs to digest fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, as well as hormones that help manage blood sugar levels. Pancreatic cancer is often difficult to detect early, tends to spread rapidly, and has a reputation for being particularly challenging to treat.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

What Are Common Signs and Symptoms of Pancreatic Cancer?

In its early stages, pancreatic cancer rarely causes symptoms. When symptoms do appear, they may include:

• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)

• Pain in the upper abdomen or back

• Unintended weight loss

• Loss of appetite

• New-onset diabetes

• Nausea and vomiting

• Fatigue

• Depression

Can We Prevent Pancreatic Cancer?

There is no sure way to prevent pancreatic cancer, but there are actions you can take to lower your risk:

• Avoid smoking or use of tobacco products.

• Maintain a healthy weight and exercise regularly.

• Choose a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.

• Limit alcohol consumption.

How Do We Diagnose Pancreatic Cancer?

Diagnosing pancreatic cancer involves several tests and procedures:

• Imaging tests such as CT scans, MRI, and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) to create pictures of the pancreas.

• Blood tests to look for specific markers that can indicate pancreatic cancer.

• Biopsy, where a small sample of tissue is taken from the pancreas and examined under a microscope.

What Treatment Options Are Available for Pancreatic Cancer?

Treatment for pancreatic cancer depends on the stage and location of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. Options may include:

• Surgery: To remove the cancer or relieve symptoms.

• Radiation therapy: Uses high-energy rays to target and kill cancer cells.

• Chemotherapy: Uses drugs to kill cancer cells, often used in combination with radiation therapy.

• Targeted therapy: Focuses on specific abnormalities within cancer cells to stop cancer from growing.

• Immunotherapy: Uses the body's immune system to fight cancer, though it's not effective for all types of pancreatic cancer.

Due to the complexity and aggressive nature of pancreatic cancer, treatment often involves a combination of these methods.